Selective agonist of group II glutamate metabotropic receptors, LY354740, inhibits tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine in mice

1. Antagonists of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype receptor inhibit the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of opioids. Another way to inhibit the function of glutamate receptors is the stimulation of presynaptic metabotropic group II (mGluRII) receptors. Because LY354740 ((+)-2-aminobicyclo [3,1,0] hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) is the first systemically active agonist of group II mGlu receptors, we investigated if this compound might inhibit the development of tolerance to antinociceptive effects of morphine and fentanyl. 2. As assessed by cumulative dose-response approach in the tail-flick test, administration of 10 mg kg^-1 morphine bid s.c. to male Albino Swiss mice for 6 days, right-shifted morphine dose-response curve by ~ 4 fold. In a separate group of mice, 12 injections of 0.04 mg kg^-1 of fentanyl over 3 days, right-shifted fentanyl dose-response curve by ~ 3.3 fold. 3. In experiment 1, LY354740 (1 and 10, but not 0.1 mg kg^-1) as well as the reference compound, an uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (7.5 mg kg^-1) inhibited the development of morphine tolerance. Neither LY354740 (10 mg kg^-1) nor memantine (7.5 mg kg^-1) affected the development of tolerance to fentanyl. In experiment 2, neither LY354740 (1 and 10 mg kg^-1) nor memantine (7.5 mg kg^-1) affected the tail-flick antinociceptive response, or the acute antinociceptive effect of morphine. 4. The present results are the first to suggest that the development of antinociceptive morphine tolerance may be inhibited by metabotropic group II glutamate agonist.