Selective flexible packaging pathways of the segmented genome of influenza A virus

Ivan Haralampiev; Simon Prisner; Mor Nitzan; Matthias Schade; Fabian Jolmes; Max Schreiber; Maria Loidolt-Krüger; Kalle Jongen; Jasmine Chamiolo; Niklaas Nilson; Franziska Winter; Nir Friedman; Oliver Seitz; Thorsten Wolff; Andreas Herrmann

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18108-1

Selective flexible packaging pathways of the segmented genome of influenza A virus

Ivan Haralampiev, Simon Prisner, Mor Nitzan, Matthias Schade, Fabian Jolmes, Max Schreiber, Maria Loidolt-Krüger, Kalle Jongen, Jasmine Chamiolo, Niklaas Nilson, Franziska Winter, Nir Friedman, Oliver Seitz, Thorsten Wolff, Andreas Herrmann^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

The genome of influenza A viruses (IAV) is encoded in eight distinct viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) that consist of negative sense viral RNA (vRNA) covered by the IAV nucleoprotein. Previous studies strongly support a selective packaging model by which vRNP segments are bundling to an octameric complex, which is integrated into budding virions. However, the pathway(s) generating a complete genome bundle is not known. We here use a multiplexed FISH assay to monitor all eight vRNAs in parallel in human lung epithelial cells. Analysis of 3.9 × 10⁵ spots of colocalizing vRNAs provides quantitative insights into segment composition of vRNP complexes and, thus, implications for bundling routes. The complexes rarely contain multiple copies of a specific segment. The data suggest a selective packaging mechanism with limited flexibility by which vRNPs assemble into a complete IAV genome. We surmise that this flexibility forms an essential basis for the development of reassortant viruses with pandemic potential.

Original language	American English
Article number	4355
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18108-1
State	Published - 1 Dec 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
For helpful discussions, we thank Anne Sadewasser (Robert Koch Institut Berlin) and Edda Klipp and Max Schelker (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). This work was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research (0316180 and 0316180D, eBio: ViroSign to A.H. and T.W.), the Einstein Foundation (A-2012-140‚ single-molecule RNA to A.H. and O.S.), the German-Israeli Helmholtz Research School SignGene (to S.P.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TransRegio 84 project B2 to T.W.) and the Leibniz Graduate School (to M.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).

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10.1038/s41467-020-18108-1

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Haralampiev, I., Prisner, S., Nitzan, M., Schade, M., Jolmes, F., Schreiber, M., Loidolt-Krüger, M., Jongen, K., Chamiolo, J., Nilson, N., Winter, F., Friedman, N., Seitz, O., Wolff, T., & Herrmann, A. (2020). Selective flexible packaging pathways of the segmented genome of influenza A virus. Nature Communications, 11(1), Article 4355. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18108-1

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abstract = "The genome of influenza A viruses (IAV) is encoded in eight distinct viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) that consist of negative sense viral RNA (vRNA) covered by the IAV nucleoprotein. Previous studies strongly support a selective packaging model by which vRNP segments are bundling to an octameric complex, which is integrated into budding virions. However, the pathway(s) generating a complete genome bundle is not known. We here use a multiplexed FISH assay to monitor all eight vRNAs in parallel in human lung epithelial cells. Analysis of 3.9 × 105 spots of colocalizing vRNAs provides quantitative insights into segment composition of vRNP complexes and, thus, implications for bundling routes. The complexes rarely contain multiple copies of a specific segment. The data suggest a selective packaging mechanism with limited flexibility by which vRNPs assemble into a complete IAV genome. We surmise that this flexibility forms an essential basis for the development of reassortant viruses with pandemic potential.",

author = "Ivan Haralampiev and Simon Prisner and Mor Nitzan and Matthias Schade and Fabian Jolmes and Max Schreiber and Maria Loidolt-Kr{\"u}ger and Kalle Jongen and Jasmine Chamiolo and Niklaas Nilson and Franziska Winter and Nir Friedman and Oliver Seitz and Thorsten Wolff and Andreas Herrmann",

note = "Funding Information: For helpful discussions, we thank Anne Sadewasser (Robert Koch Institut Berlin) and Edda Klipp and Max Schelker (Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin). This work was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research (0316180 and 0316180D, eBio: ViroSign to A.H. and T.W.), the Einstein Foundation (A-2012-140‚ single-molecule RNA to A.H. and O.S.), the German-Israeli Helmholtz Research School SignGene (to S.P.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TransRegio 84 project B2 to T.W.) and the Leibniz Graduate School (to M.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",

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AU - Schreiber, Max

AU - Loidolt-Krüger, Maria

AU - Jongen, Kalle

AU - Chamiolo, Jasmine

AU - Nilson, Niklaas

AU - Winter, Franziska

AU - Friedman, Nir

AU - Seitz, Oliver

AU - Wolff, Thorsten

AU - Herrmann, Andreas

N1 - Funding Information: For helpful discussions, we thank Anne Sadewasser (Robert Koch Institut Berlin) and Edda Klipp and Max Schelker (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). This work was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research (0316180 and 0316180D, eBio: ViroSign to A.H. and T.W.), the Einstein Foundation (A-2012-140‚ single-molecule RNA to A.H. and O.S.), the German-Israeli Helmholtz Research School SignGene (to S.P.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TransRegio 84 project B2 to T.W.) and the Leibniz Graduate School (to M.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, The Author(s).

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N2 - The genome of influenza A viruses (IAV) is encoded in eight distinct viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) that consist of negative sense viral RNA (vRNA) covered by the IAV nucleoprotein. Previous studies strongly support a selective packaging model by which vRNP segments are bundling to an octameric complex, which is integrated into budding virions. However, the pathway(s) generating a complete genome bundle is not known. We here use a multiplexed FISH assay to monitor all eight vRNAs in parallel in human lung epithelial cells. Analysis of 3.9 × 105 spots of colocalizing vRNAs provides quantitative insights into segment composition of vRNP complexes and, thus, implications for bundling routes. The complexes rarely contain multiple copies of a specific segment. The data suggest a selective packaging mechanism with limited flexibility by which vRNPs assemble into a complete IAV genome. We surmise that this flexibility forms an essential basis for the development of reassortant viruses with pandemic potential.

AB - The genome of influenza A viruses (IAV) is encoded in eight distinct viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) that consist of negative sense viral RNA (vRNA) covered by the IAV nucleoprotein. Previous studies strongly support a selective packaging model by which vRNP segments are bundling to an octameric complex, which is integrated into budding virions. However, the pathway(s) generating a complete genome bundle is not known. We here use a multiplexed FISH assay to monitor all eight vRNAs in parallel in human lung epithelial cells. Analysis of 3.9 × 105 spots of colocalizing vRNAs provides quantitative insights into segment composition of vRNP complexes and, thus, implications for bundling routes. The complexes rarely contain multiple copies of a specific segment. The data suggest a selective packaging mechanism with limited flexibility by which vRNPs assemble into a complete IAV genome. We surmise that this flexibility forms an essential basis for the development of reassortant viruses with pandemic potential.

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Selective flexible packaging pathways of the segmented genome of influenza A virus

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