Silicon effects on growth acclimatization and stress tolerance of bioreactor cultured Ornithogalum dubium plants

M. Ziv*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

Scaling-up in liquid medium in bioreactors provided an efficient economic micropropagation system for bulb and corm plants. Continuous aeration and circulation in bioreactors effects plant function and morphogenesis. Abnormal structure and hyperhydricity can be alleviated by temporary immersion and short period treatments of growth retardants. Abnormal plant growth may also be due to the lack of Silicon (Si) in plastic or non-silicate glass containers, as well as due to the use of double distilled water. Silicon is not considered an essential plant element, yet it is accumulated by plant roots and transported to the stems and leaves. The addition of sodium silicate to Ornithogalum dubium in liquid MS medium containing 8.9 μM BA and 0.54 μM NAA in disposable pre-sterilized 1.5-L plastic bioreactors, was studied. The addition of 50-150 mg/L, which was found to be the effective range, to a bioreactor containing 1.2 L medium, increased the plant dry weight to fresh weight ratio. It improved leaf growth, epidermal tissue structure, cell wall percent of the total cell biomass and the chlorophyll content in the treated leaves. The addition to the medium, of 100 mg/L Si, reduced shoot malformation, and increased plant firmness and mechanical strength. Abnormal plant morphology in liquid medium is known to be associated with oxidative stress. Si reduced H2O2 level in the leaves of regenerated plants and lowered the activity of the enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (AP) ascorbate oxidase (AC) and glutathione reductase (GR). The possibility that in several in vitro culture systems the use of double distilled water and non-silicate containing glass or plastic containers may effect plant growth and structure due to the lack or low levels of Si, will be discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationActa Horticulturae
PublisherInternational Society for Horticultural Science
Pages29-36
Number of pages8
ISBN (Print)9789066053960
DOIs
StatePublished - 30 Jun 2010

Publication series

NameActa Horticulturae
Volume865
ISSN (Print)0567-7572

Keywords

  • Bioreactors
  • Hyperhydricity
  • Silicon

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