Sirtuins as NAD+-dependent deacetylases and their potential in medical therapy

Ashok Kumar, Mona Dvir-Ginzberg

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Deacetylases are a class of enzymes which remove the E-N-acetyl groups from lysine amino acids in histone and nonhistone targets. There are four classes of HDACs, with a distinct subgroup called sirtuins (HDAC class III) that rely on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) for their catalytic activity. The fact that most of the sirtuins require NAD+ for their deacetylase activity indicates that they are major energy-sensing proteins in cells and tissues with the potency to affect a plethora of biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes. These effects exerted by various sirtuins are discussed in this chapter, as well as the processes regulating NAD+ levels by de novo and salvage pathways. Finally, we elaborate on various agents that modulate salvage pathway enzymes and sirtuin activity, and their preclinical and clinical implications in health and disease.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationMedical Epigenetics
PublisherElsevier
Pages633-664
Number of pages32
ISBN (Electronic)9780128239285
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords

  • Activators
  • Inhibitors
  • NAD
  • NAMPT
  • NMNAT
  • Niacin
  • Pathology
  • Resveratrol
  • Signaling
  • Sirtuins

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