Sulfurization as a preservation mechanism for the δ¹³C of biomarkers

We compiled data from studies that examined pairs of compound specific δ¹³C in both the free- and S-bound fractions of sedimentary organic matter. The studies compiled span a wide range of biomarker type, rock age (∼235 Ma to 3 kyr) and paleo-environments in which the sedimentary organic matter was deposited. Despite this variability, majority of data shows that the S-bound fraction is heavier on average by 2‰ compared with the free HC. The hypotheses of different biological sources and fractionation during sulfurization or maturation of the organic matter are reexamined in light of this result. We conclude that the δ¹³C fractionation between these two fractions should be a result of a more generalizing mechanism, operating at an early diagenetic stage. Fractionation during biodegradation of the free biomarker fraction can offer such a mechanism. Thus, the S-bound fraction may better represent the original δ¹³C values of biomarkers used in paleoenvironmental studies. Future studies should confirm this suggested mechanism.