TY - JOUR
T1 - Temperature-composition-depth relationship in Rift Valley hot springs
T2 - Hammat Gader, northern Israel
AU - Starinsky, Avraham
AU - Katz, Amitai
AU - Levitte, Dov
PY - 1979/11
Y1 - 1979/11
N2 - The Hammat Gader (El-Hamma) springs constitute a rift valley hot-spring system. The five springs which belong to this complex are distinguished by temperatures of 25, 28, 36, 42 and 50°C and salinities of between 700 and 1400 mg/l. With one exception, the salinity of the spring waters increases with temperature. A model is presented which explains the chemical composition of the individual springs by mixing of an ancient, Ca-chloridic, rift brine with present-day meteoric waters. The water temperatures are dictated by the regional geothermal gradient, which is calculated for the investigated area from deep-drilling data. The model is in good accordance with previously published isotopic and rare-gas data. A model suggested earlier for the Hammat Gader springs is examined, discussed and rejected on geochemical, spatial and hydrogeological grounds.
AB - The Hammat Gader (El-Hamma) springs constitute a rift valley hot-spring system. The five springs which belong to this complex are distinguished by temperatures of 25, 28, 36, 42 and 50°C and salinities of between 700 and 1400 mg/l. With one exception, the salinity of the spring waters increases with temperature. A model is presented which explains the chemical composition of the individual springs by mixing of an ancient, Ca-chloridic, rift brine with present-day meteoric waters. The water temperatures are dictated by the regional geothermal gradient, which is calculated for the investigated area from deep-drilling data. The model is in good accordance with previously published isotopic and rare-gas data. A model suggested earlier for the Hammat Gader springs is examined, discussed and rejected on geochemical, spatial and hydrogeological grounds.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0018719618&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0009-2541(79)90041-X
DO - 10.1016/0009-2541(79)90041-X
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AN - SCOPUS:0018719618
SN - 0009-2541
VL - 27
SP - 233
EP - 244
JO - Chemical Geology
JF - Chemical Geology
IS - 3
ER -
