TY - JOUR
T1 - The environmentally benign form of pesticide in hydrodispersive nanometric form with improved efficacy against adult mosquitoes at low exposure concentrations
AU - Balaji, A. P.B.
AU - Mishra, Prabhakar
AU - Suresh Kumar, R. S.
AU - Ashu, Abhijeet
AU - Margulis, Katherine
AU - Magdassi, Shlomo
AU - Mukherjee, Amitava
AU - Chandrasekaran, Natarajan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Permethrin, a poorly water-soluble synthetic pesticide belonging to the pyrethroid family, was formulated into water-dispersive nanometric form by rapid evaporation of pesticide loaded oil-in-water microemulsion. The mean hydrodynamic diameter of Nanopermethrin was found to be 199.01 ± 1.4 nm. The efficacy of the Nanopermethrin was comparatively investigated with its bulk form against 2-3 days old adult mosquitoes by WHO cone bioassay for 60 min. The median knockdown concentration of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus were found to be 7.20 × 104, 7.53 × 104, 0.42 × 103 mg/L for Bulk permethrin, and 0.98 × 104, 1.17 × 104, 0.05 × 103 mg/L for Nanopermethrin, respectively. The obtained results extrapolate the improved efficacy of Nanopermethrin even at low-level concentrations. Hence, the formulated Nanopermethrin will serve as an effective alternative pesticide in controlling the mosquito population with reduced environmental toxicity.
AB - Permethrin, a poorly water-soluble synthetic pesticide belonging to the pyrethroid family, was formulated into water-dispersive nanometric form by rapid evaporation of pesticide loaded oil-in-water microemulsion. The mean hydrodynamic diameter of Nanopermethrin was found to be 199.01 ± 1.4 nm. The efficacy of the Nanopermethrin was comparatively investigated with its bulk form against 2-3 days old adult mosquitoes by WHO cone bioassay for 60 min. The median knockdown concentration of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus were found to be 7.20 × 104, 7.53 × 104, 0.42 × 103 mg/L for Bulk permethrin, and 0.98 × 104, 1.17 × 104, 0.05 × 103 mg/L for Nanopermethrin, respectively. The obtained results extrapolate the improved efficacy of Nanopermethrin even at low-level concentrations. Hence, the formulated Nanopermethrin will serve as an effective alternative pesticide in controlling the mosquito population with reduced environmental toxicity.
KW - Contact toxicity
KW - Environmental safety
KW - Knockdown
KW - Nanopesticide
KW - Permethrin
KW - WHO cone bioassay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84976579952&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00128-015-1661-y
DO - 10.1007/s00128-015-1661-y
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C2 - 26408032
AN - SCOPUS:84976579952
SN - 0007-4861
VL - 95
SP - 734
EP - 739
JO - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
IS - 6
ER -