TY - JOUR
T1 - The pancreatic β-cell glucose sensor
AU - Efrat, Shimon
AU - Tal, Michael
AU - Lodish, Harvey F.
PY - 1994/12
Y1 - 1994/12
N2 - Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to an increase in the level of blood glucose above 5mm, which is characteristic of the fasting state. Glucose metabolism is essential for glucose sensing, and both the high-Km glucose transporter GLUT2 and the high-Km glucose phosphorylating enzyme glucokinase have been implicated in coupling insulin secretion to extracellular glucose levels. Experiments in isolated islets, immortalized β-cell lines and transgenic animals, together with findings in humans with maturity-onset diabetes of the young, indicate that the primary β-cell glucose sensor is glucokinase. Although the level of GLUT2 is frequently reduced in animal models of type II diabetes, GLUT2 does not limit glucose metabolism in β cells and does not appear to regulate glucose induction of insulin secretion.
AB - Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to an increase in the level of blood glucose above 5mm, which is characteristic of the fasting state. Glucose metabolism is essential for glucose sensing, and both the high-Km glucose transporter GLUT2 and the high-Km glucose phosphorylating enzyme glucokinase have been implicated in coupling insulin secretion to extracellular glucose levels. Experiments in isolated islets, immortalized β-cell lines and transgenic animals, together with findings in humans with maturity-onset diabetes of the young, indicate that the primary β-cell glucose sensor is glucokinase. Although the level of GLUT2 is frequently reduced in animal models of type II diabetes, GLUT2 does not limit glucose metabolism in β cells and does not appear to regulate glucose induction of insulin secretion.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0028173313&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0968-0004(94)90056-6
DO - 10.1016/0968-0004(94)90056-6
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C2 - 7846765
AN - SCOPUS:0028173313
SN - 0968-0004
VL - 19
SP - 535
EP - 538
JO - Trends in Biochemical Sciences
JF - Trends in Biochemical Sciences
IS - 12
ER -