TY - JOUR
T1 - The Placental Barrier
T2 - the Gate and the Fate in Drug Distribution
AU - Tetro, Nino
AU - Moushaev, Sonia
AU - Rubinchik-Stern, Miriam
AU - Eyal, Sara
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - Optimal development of the embryo and the fetus depends on placental passage of gases, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. These molecules are transferred across the placenta via passive diffusion, carrier-mediated cellular uptake and efflux, and transcytosis pathways. The same mechanisms additionally control the rate and extent of transplacental transfer of drugs taken by the pregnant mother. Essentially all drugs cross the placenta to a certain extent, and some accumulate in the placenta itself at levels that can even exceed those in maternal plasma. Hence, even drugs that are not efficiently transferred across the placenta may indirectly affect fetal development by interfering with placental function. In this article, we describe key properties of the placental barrier and their modulation by medications. We highlight implications for pharmacotherapy and novel approaches for drug delivery in pregnant women and their fetuses.
AB - Optimal development of the embryo and the fetus depends on placental passage of gases, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. These molecules are transferred across the placenta via passive diffusion, carrier-mediated cellular uptake and efflux, and transcytosis pathways. The same mechanisms additionally control the rate and extent of transplacental transfer of drugs taken by the pregnant mother. Essentially all drugs cross the placenta to a certain extent, and some accumulate in the placenta itself at levels that can even exceed those in maternal plasma. Hence, even drugs that are not efficiently transferred across the placenta may indirectly affect fetal development by interfering with placental function. In this article, we describe key properties of the placental barrier and their modulation by medications. We highlight implications for pharmacotherapy and novel approaches for drug delivery in pregnant women and their fetuses.
KW - drug transporters
KW - maternal-fetal pharmacology
KW - placenta
KW - placental transfer
KW - pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042795144&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11095-017-2286-0
DO - 10.1007/s11095-017-2286-0
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C2 - 29476301
AN - SCOPUS:85042795144
SN - 0724-8741
VL - 35
JO - Pharmaceutical Research
JF - Pharmaceutical Research
IS - 4
M1 - 71
ER -