@inbook{399e37ac389040a0a8c5423d88ded373,
title = "Thermally modified clay minerals",
abstract = "Changes in temperature alter the structure and properties of clay minerals. Four temperature ranges are distinguished: (1) Temperatures sufficiently low to cause partial freezing of clay mineral dispersions or pastes: in this temperature range some of the water is converted into ice, but some remains in a liquid or semi-liquid state. (2) Temperatures above dehydration, but below dehydroxylation, when clay minerals lose adsorbed and hydration water: the interlayer spaces collapse, pore space is changed and surface acidity is substantially altered. (3) Temperatures above dehydroxylation, but below those leading to complete breakdown of the structure: the changes occurring in this temperature range vary for different clay mineral groups. Dehydroxylation destroys the layer structure of trioctahedral, but not that of dioctahedral 2:1 type minerals. Kaolinite group minerals become amorphous to X-rays, although some features of the structural framework are preserved. (4) Temperatures at which some minerals turn amorphous, others recrystallise to new phases.",
keywords = "acidity, de- and rehydration, dehydroxylation, Freezing, porosity, structural changes, texture",
author = "L. Heller-Kallai",
year = "2013",
doi = "10.1016/B978-0-08-098258-8.00014-6",
language = "אנגלית",
isbn = "9780080982588",
series = "Developments in Clay Science",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
pages = "411--433",
booktitle = "Handbook of Clay Science Fundamentals",
}