TY - CONF
T1 - Two Approaches for the Reversal of Phenobarbital-Induced Behavioral Birth Defects
AU - Yanai, J.
AU - Fares, F.
AU - Gavish, M.
AU - Greenfeld, Z.
AU - Pick, C. G.
AU - Rogel-Fuchs, Y.
AU - Trombkal, D.
A2 - Gage, F. H.
A2 - Privat, A.
A2 - Christen, Yves
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - The present chapter presents a model for the reversal of behavioral birth defects. Since the neuroteratogen employed, phenobarbital, alters numerous processes and behaviors, the study focused on alterations in the hippocampus and its related behaviors. Mice were exposed to phenobarbital prenatally, although some of the experiments also included neonatally exposed groups. At adulthood they showed deficits in spontaneous alternation, Morris maze and eight-arm maze tests. Studies on hippocampal morphology revealed areal and cell losses and deficient dendritic architecture in the surviving neurons, including reductions from control in the number of dendritic branches, area, and spine density, but wider fission angle than control. Neurochemical studies on the hippocampus revealed the following alterations:1.decrease in norepinephrine (NE) level and the number of NE cell bodies,2.no change in the serotonergic system,3.an increase in muscarinic receptors Bmax in the hippocampus,4.transient decrease in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake, and an increase in the Bmax of GABA and benzodiazepine receptors.
AB - The present chapter presents a model for the reversal of behavioral birth defects. Since the neuroteratogen employed, phenobarbital, alters numerous processes and behaviors, the study focused on alterations in the hippocampus and its related behaviors. Mice were exposed to phenobarbital prenatally, although some of the experiments also included neonatally exposed groups. At adulthood they showed deficits in spontaneous alternation, Morris maze and eight-arm maze tests. Studies on hippocampal morphology revealed areal and cell losses and deficient dendritic architecture in the surviving neurons, including reductions from control in the number of dendritic branches, area, and spine density, but wider fission angle than control. Neurochemical studies on the hippocampus revealed the following alterations:1.decrease in norepinephrine (NE) level and the number of NE cell bodies,2.no change in the serotonergic system,3.an increase in muscarinic receptors Bmax in the hippocampus,4.transient decrease in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake, and an increase in the Bmax of GABA and benzodiazepine receptors.
M3 - Paper
SP - 165
EP - 176
ER -