Abstract
Optical fabrication of waveguides in a volume is limited by diffraction in the writing beams. We demonstrate the use of nondiffracting waves in the form of Bessel beams to fabricate scalable optical wiring through direct writing in a photosensitive volume. Experiments are performed in paraelectric potassium-lithium-tantalate-niobate (KLTN), where writing occurs through photogenerated space charge while guiding and electro-optic functionality are supported by the quadratic electro-optic effect. The method allows components to be integrated sequentially without interfering with each other during fabrication, an intrinsic superposition property that is used to realize single, double, and multiple waveguides, and 1×2, 1×3, and 1×4 splitters, and electrically controlled optical switching.
Original language | American English |
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Article number | 024011 |
Journal | Physical Review Applied |
Volume | 11 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 5 Feb 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We acknowledge support from the Lazio Innova 2018 Project (No. F83G17000850007); Sapienza-Ricerca di Ateneo 2016 and 2017 projects (No. RM116154CDA0E195, No. RM11715C3FA0E680, and No. AR11715C808A65EE); the H2020 Fet project PhoQus; the Doctoral Foundation of Tianjin Normal University (Grant No. 135202XB1607); and the Research and Visiting Abroad Project for Young Scholars of Tianjin Normal University 2015–2020.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Physical Society.