Utilization of polyethylene sleeves with forced aeration for composting of broiler carcasses on mass depopulation events: Laboratory-scale simulations and sensitivity analyses

Ran Avidov, Avishai Lublin, Vempalli Sudharsan Varma, Ibrahim Saadi, Israel Yoselewitz, Yona Chen, Yael Laor*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Composting poultry carcasses and the infected litter is considered feasible during mass depopulation events in response to disease outbreaks. We demonstrate the effect of temperature (40, 50, 60 °C) and aerobic/anaerobic conditions on the degradation of broiler carcasses and broiler litter (BL) and the elimination of pre-inoculated Avian flu and Newcastle viruses and Salmonella Infantis (3.3 × 105.6 EID50, 7 × 106.0 EID50 and 2 × 107 CFU g-dry matter (DM)−1, respectively). Six broiler carcasses and BL were inoculated and treated with a water-based foam, simulating a common culling method. After 30 days of composting, both viruses were eliminated under all conditions, while Salmonella persisted at 40 °C under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (7.4 × 105 and 4.4 × 103 CFU g-DM−1, respectively). Mass losses were 42–44, 24–26, and 18–22% (aerobic) and 18–27, 21–23, and 0–7% (anaerobic) at 40, 50, and 60 °C, respectively. In the end, the associated odors were not typical of carcasses (aerobic), or they were strong and offensive (anaerobic). Considering the observed mass losses and biomass water holding capacity, we present a sensitivity analysis of the water balance expected in composting sleeves if they are utilized on mass depopulation events. Composting of the carcasses and the BL in enclosed sleeves with forced aeration, following culling by means of water-based foam will generate excess water, depending on sleeve volumes, aeration conditions, and co-addition of absorbing materials like sawdust. No excessive moisture is expected if dry culling methods are used.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)107-117
Number of pages11
JournalWaste Management
Volume155
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

  • Avian influenza (Avian flu)
  • Broiler litter (BL)
  • Culling
  • Euthanasia
  • Foam
  • Mass mortality
  • Newcastle
  • Salmonella infantis

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