Weak localization effects in ZnO surface wells

Hall effect, magnetoresistance, and electrical conductivity measurements, carried out on ZnO surface wells created by a large variety of methods, are analyzed in the frame of the weak-localization theory. The ZnO surface wells have some unique features that allow the investigation of the weak-localization effects: ZnO has a single valley conduction band; the Thouless length is much larger than the elastic mean-free path even at room temperature; the well accumulates the largest surface electron concentration obtained up to now in a surface quantum well; there are a large variety of preparation methods, some of them making it possible to modify independently both the width and the depth of the surface wells. These features allowed us to investigate: the presence of the weak-localization effect in the largest range of temperatures (1.6–300 K) reported up to now for a quantum well; the influence on the transport properties of the increase in the number of subbands in the well; the effect of the presence of more inelastic scattering mechanisms and their weights in the entire scattering process; and the passage from a quasi-two-dimensional system to a three-dimensional one.